KA MOOLELO O MAGNABEND O KA HOIKE A ME KA HANA
Genesis o ka Manaʻo:
I ka makahiki 1974, pono au e hana i nā pahu no nā papahana uila.No ka hana ʻana i kēia, ua hana wau iaʻu iho i waihona metala maʻemaʻe loa mai loko mai o nā ʻāpana hao kihi ʻelua i hoʻopaʻa ʻia a paʻa i kahi vice.ʻO ka ʻōlelo liʻiliʻi he paʻakikī loa ka hoʻohana ʻana a ʻaʻole maʻalahi loa.Ua hoʻoholo koke wau ua hiki i ka manawa e hana i kahi mea maikaʻi aʻe.
No laila ua noʻonoʻo wau pehea e hana ai i kahi waihona 'pono'.Hoʻokahi mea i hopohopo iaʻu, ʻo ka hoʻopaʻa ʻia ʻana e hoʻopaʻa ʻia i ke kumu o ka mīkini ma nā wēlau a i ʻole ma hope a e hele ana kēia i ke ala o kekahi o nā mea aʻu i makemake ai e hana.No laila, ua lele au i ka manaʻoʻiʻo a ʻōlelo wau ... ʻAe, ʻaʻole e hoʻopaʻa ʻia ke kahua paʻa i ke kumu, pehea wau e hana ai i kēlā hana?
Aia kekahi ala e wāwahi ai i kēlā pilina?
Hiki iā ʻoe ke paʻa i kahi mea me ka hoʻopili ʻole ʻana i kekahi mea?
Me he mea la he nīnau hoʻohenehene ia e nīnau ai akā i ka manawa aʻu i kūkulu ai i ka nīnau ma ia ʻano ua loaʻa iaʻu kahi pane hiki:-
Hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻohuli i nā mea me ka ʻole o ka pilina kino iā lākou ... ma o kahi FIELD!
Ua ʻike au e pili ana i nā kahua uila*, nā kahua ʻumekaumaha*, a me nā kahua mākēneki*.Akā hiki ke hiki?E hana maoli paha?
(* Ma kahi ʻē aʻe he mea hoihoi ia e ʻike i ka wehewehe piha ʻana o ka ʻepekema hou i ka hana maoli ʻana o ka "ikaika ma kahi mamao".
He mea hoʻomanaʻo maopopo ka mea i hana ʻia ma hope.
Aia wau i loko o koʻu hale hana a ma hope o ke aumoe a me ka manawa e moe ai, akā ʻaʻole hiki iaʻu ke pale aku i ka hoʻowalewale e hoʻāʻo i kēia manaʻo hou.
Ua loaʻa koke iaʻu kahi magnet kāmaʻa lio a me kahi ʻāpana keleawe shim.Hoʻokomo au i ke keleawe shim ma waena o ka magnet a me kāna 'mea mālama' a hoʻoloulou i ke keleawe me kuʻu manamana lima!
Eureka!Ua hana.ʻO 0.09mm wale nō ka mānoanoa o ke keleawe akā ua hoʻokumu ʻia ke kumu!
(ʻO ke kiʻi ma ka hema he hana hou ia o ka hoʻokolohua kumu akā ke hoʻohana nei ia i nā ʻāpana like).
Ua hauʻoli wau no ka mea ua ʻike wau, mai ka hoʻomaka ʻana, inā hiki ke hana ʻia ka manaʻo ma ke ʻano kūpono a laila e hōʻike ana ia i kahi manaʻo hou i ka hana ʻana i ka sheetmetal.
I kekahi lā aʻe, haʻi wau i koʻu hoa hana, ʻo Tony Grainger, e pili ana i koʻu mau manaʻo.Ua hauʻoli nō hoʻi ʻo ia a ua kiʻi ʻo ia i kahi hoʻolālā e hiki ai ke electromagnet iaʻu.Ua hana pū ʻo ia i kekahi mau helu e pili ana i ke ʻano o nā ikaika e hiki ke loaʻa mai kahi electromagnet.ʻO Tony ke kanaka akamai loa aʻu i ʻike ai a laki loa wau i ka loaʻa ʻana iā ia ma ke ʻano he hoa hana a loaʻa i kāna ʻike nui.
I ka wā mua, ʻike ʻia ka manaʻo e hoʻohana wale ʻia no nā anana ʻiliʻili o ka sheetmetal akā ua hoʻohiki ʻo ia e paipai iaʻu e hoʻomau.
Hoʻomaka mua:
I nā lā aʻe aʻe, ua loaʻa iaʻu kekahi mau ʻāpana kila, kekahi uea keleawe, a me kahi mea hoʻoponopono a kūkulu i kaʻu waihona electro-magnetic mua!Loaʻa iaʻu i kaʻu hale hana:
ʻO ka ʻāpana electro-magnet o kēia mīkini ka mea maoli maoli.
(ʻO ka pou mua a me ke kukuna kulou i hōʻike ʻia ma ʻaneʻi, he mau hoʻololi hope ia).
ʻOiai ua hana ʻino kēia mīkini!
E like me ka mea i manaʻo ʻia i kaʻu manawa eureka mua, ʻaʻole pono e hoʻopili ʻia ka pā paʻi i ke kumu o ka mīkini ma nā wēlau, ma hope, a ma nā wahi āpau.No laila ua hāmama loa ka mīkini a hāmama loa.
Akā, hiki ke ʻike piha ʻia ka ʻaoʻao hāmama inā ʻaʻole i maʻamau nā hinges no ka lāʻau kulou.
I nā mahina e hiki mai ana, ua hana au ma kahi ʻano hapa-hinge aʻu i kapa ai he 'cup-hinge', ua kūkulu au i kahi mīkini hana ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi (Mark II), ua hoʻokomo wau i kahi kikoʻī Patent Provisional me ka Australian Patent Office a ua ʻike pū ʻia au ma he polokalamu kīwī ABC i kapa ʻia ʻo "The Inventors".Ua koho ʻia kaʻu mea hana i mea lanakila no kēlā pule a ma hope mai ua koho ʻia ʻo ia kekahi o nā mea hope loa no ia makahiki (1975).
Aia ma ka hema ka Mark II bender e like me ka mea i hōʻike ʻia ma Sydney ma hope o ka ʻike ʻana i ka hopena hope o The Inventors.
Ua hoʻohana ʻo ia i kahi mana hou o ka 'cup hinge' e like me ka mea i hōʻike ʻia ma lalo nei.
I ka makahiki 1975 ua hālāwai au me Geoff Fenton ma kahi hui ʻo Inventors Association ma Hobart (3 ʻAukake 1975).Ua hoihoi nui ʻo Geoff i ka mea hou "Magnabend" a hoʻi mai i koʻu wahi ma hope o ka hālāwai e nānā pono ai.ʻO kēia ka hoʻomaka ʻana o kahi pilina paʻa me Geoff a ma hope he hui ʻoihana.
He haumāna puka 'enekinia 'o Geoff a he kanaka akamai loa i ka hana 'ana.Ua ʻike koke ʻo ia i ke koʻikoʻi o ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi hoʻolālā hinge e hiki ai i ka mīkini ke ʻike i kona hiki ke wehe piha.
Ua hana ko'u 'cup hinge' akā loa'a nā pilikia ko'iko'i no nā kihi beam ma mua o 90 degere.
Ua lilo ʻo Geoff i hoihoi nui i nā hinges ʻaʻohe kikowaena.Hiki i kēia papa o ka hinge ke hāʻawi i ka pivoting a puni kahi kikoʻī i hiki ke hele loa ma waho o ka mīkini hinge ponoʻī.
I kekahi lā (1 Feb 1976) ua puka mai ʻo Geoff me ke kiʻi o kahi hinge ʻano maʻamau a ʻano hou.Kahaha au!ʻAʻole au i ʻike i kekahi mea mamao e like me ia ma mua!
(E nānā i ke kaha kiʻi ma ka hema).
Ua aʻo au he hana pantograph i hoʻololi ʻia e pili ana i nā loulou 4-bar.ʻAʻole mākou i hana i kahi mana kūpono o kēia hinge akā i kekahi mau mahina ma hope mai ua hele mai ʻo Geoff me kahi mana i hoʻomaikaʻi ʻia a mākou i hana ai.
Hōʻike ʻia ma lalo nei kahi ʻāpana keʻa o ka mana i hoʻomaikaʻi ʻia.
Mālama ʻia nā 'lima' o kēia hinge me nā lālā pivoting nui e nā cranks liʻiliʻi.Hiki ke ʻike ʻia kēia ma nā kiʻi ma lalo nei.Pono nā cranks e lawe i kahi pākēneka liʻiliʻi o ka nui o ka ukana hinge.
Hōʻike ʻia kahi simulation o kēia mīkini i ke wikiō ma lalo nei.(Mahalo iā Dennis Aspo no kēia simulation).
https://youtu.be/wKxGH8nq-tM
ʻOiai ua hana maikaʻi kēia ʻano hinge, ʻaʻole i hoʻokomo ʻia ma kahi mīkini Magnabend maoli.ʻO kāna mau hemahema, ʻaʻole ia i hāʻawi i ka holo piha 180 degere o ka pahu kulou a me he mea lā he nui nā ʻāpana i loko (ʻoiai ua like ka nui o nā ʻāpana me kekahi).
ʻO ke kumu ʻē aʻe i hoʻohana ʻole ʻia ai kēia hinge no ka mea, ua hoʻopuka ʻo Geoff me kāna:
Triaxial hinge:
Hāʻawi ka hinge triaxial i kahi 180 degere holoʻokoʻa a ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi no ka mea e pono ai nā ʻāpana liʻiliʻi, ʻoiai ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī o nā ʻāpana.
Ua holomua ka hinge triaxial ma mua o ka hiki ʻana i kahi hoʻolālā kūpono.Ua kapa mākou i nā ʻano like ʻole ʻo The Trunnion Hinge, The Spherical Internal Hinge a me The Spherical External Hinge.
Hoʻohālikelike ʻia ka hinge waho spherical i ke wikiō ma lalo nei (Mahalo iā Jayson Wallis no kēia simulation):
https://youtu.be/t0yL4qIwyYU
Ua wehewehe ʻia kēia mau hoʻolālā āpau ma ka palapala hōʻike hōʻike patent US.(PDF).
ʻO kekahi o nā pilikia nui loa me ka hinge Magnabend ʻaʻohe wahi e waiho ai!
Pau nā wēlau o ka mīkini no ka mea makemake mākou e wehe ka mīkini, no laila pono e hele i kahi ʻē aʻe.ʻAʻohe wahi ʻokoʻa ma waena o ka ʻaoʻao o loko o ka lāʻau pio a me ka ʻaoʻao o waho o ka pou mua o ka magnet.
No ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i ka lumi hiki iā mākou ke hāʻawi i nā lehelehe ma ka lāʻau kulou a ma ka pou mua akā ua hoʻololi kēia mau lehelehe i ka ikaika o ka kukuna kulou a me ka ikaika pipili o ka magnet.(Hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i kēia mau lehelehe ma nā kiʻi o ka hinge pantograph ma luna).
No laila ua kaohi ʻia ka hoʻolālā hinge ma waena o ka pono e lahilahi i mea e pono ai nā lehelehe liʻiliʻi a me ka pono e mānoanoa i lawa ka ikaika.A ʻo ka pono hoʻi e lilo i kikowaena ʻole i mea e hāʻawi ai i kahi pivot virtual, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ma luna o ka ʻili hana o ka magnet.
He kiʻekiʻe loa kēia mau koi, akā ua hoʻoponopono maikaʻi ka hoʻolālā noʻonoʻo a Geoff i nā koi, ʻoiai he nui nā hana hoʻomohala (e hoʻolōʻihi ʻia ma kahi o 10 mau makahiki) pono e ʻike i nā kuʻikahi maikaʻi loa.
Inā noi ʻia, hiki iaʻu ke kākau i kahi ʻatikala ʻokoʻa ma nā hinges a me kā lākou ulu ʻana akā i kēia manawa e hoʻi mākou i ka mōʻaukala:
Nā ʻaelike hana ma lalo o ka laikini:
I nā makahiki e hiki mai ana ua kau inoa mākou i kekahi mau ʻaelike "Manufacture-Under-License":
6 Pepeluali 1976: Nova Machinery Pty Ltd, Osborne Park, Perth Western Australia.
31 Kekemapa 1982: Thalmann Constructions AG, Frauenfeld, Kuikilana.
12 ʻOkakopa 1983: Roper Whitney Co, Rockford, Illinois, USA.
Kekemapa 1, 1983: Jorg Machine Factory, Amersfoort, Holland
(He moʻolelo hou aku inā noi ʻia e kekahi ʻaoʻao hoihoi).